Is deception ever justified

Deception is sometimes justified. People shouldn't be satisfied with themselves sees when they play this card every time they can, but it is true that sometimes it is require red. It shouldn't be used following a mean purpose as human ethic dictates; Actually it dictate s that lies shouldn't even exist in our thoughts. However people deceive, ignoring with t hat action this principle. The best relationships are based in always telling the truth.That can get us star Eng ointment towards friends or causes, so strong that we would be willing to lie to protect them. Lying in order to cover a friend or an important cause is often consider De as a good action depending on the scenario. Jose Marti, the most remarkable character I n Cuban History, once said that there are some things that in order to realize them you have to keep them in the shadows. Moreover, probably he had to lie one or two times to ca err on with the Cuban revolution after all, but no one would dare to say that he was a mean an just because of that.The feeling of guiltiness when you lie must not be lost. If that happen You'll g et used to the shortcuts that a lie can provide, and therefore become ‘addict' to it. Yes, lying deliberately can get those who don't know when it's better to say the truth in a hole eve hard to come out . Like a friend I have that is always customizing his stories making g them so glorious that seem out of this world. At the end we always discover that those stories are lies, ND he is trying to make us think that he is amazing. Ultimately we just stoop De believing what he said; whether it is true or not. Now, it is so hard to trust in whatever came out of his mouth. There is the difference between using deception because it's necessary and f or a major good, or because you like it. I would like to believe that will always tell the true the, unless there is a life or death matter on the table that requires me to lie, of course.

Global Leader in Foreign Direct Investments Essay

This dissertation focused on the Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) of India relative to China, together with its competitive advantages and the underlying factors which set them apart. In addition, strategies in which India can further strengthen its competitive advantage were elaborated together with the best approaches to keep at par or surpass China in terms of its FDI dominance. This chapter presented the background of the research problem, the research questions that the dissertation aimed to answer, significance of the study, the dissertation’s adopted research design and methodology, together in which how the sections in this dissertation were organized. 1. 1 Background of the Problem The surge of foreign direct investments in Asian countries is primarily determined by the privatization and at the same time the globalization of production. The degree of political stability, government policies, together with trade and investment regimes allowed host countries to be very open in terms of FDI investments. Due to the liberalization of the developing countries’ economies, the Global Development Finance of the World Bank in 1999 claimed that FDI flows to developing countries have increased more than six times (Chakraborty and Basu, 2002). Foreign direct investments have bloomed for both China and India by more than 1,500 percent between 1990 and in the recent years, and both countries have growing domestic considerable consumer markets, both economies are starting to produce higher value products and develop networks to maintain competitive advantages beyond mere cost (Laudiciana and White, 2005). Both India and China share the same level of competitiveness in terms of FDI attractiveness among multinational companies. However, it could be noted that India or China being a more favorable destination for FDIs should be closely taken into consideration. It could be noted that there are business ventures that are proven to be more profitable exclusively in only one of the countries even though the aforementioned offers the same services. On another perspective, specific business ventures could experience a relatively highly specialized output given for instance that such would be deployed in the right geographic location (Laudiciana and White, 2005). It could be noted that India has undergone remarkable international integration and development over the past few years. Since 1991, after the external payment crisis in India, there has been liberalization of various policies implemented by the government. In turn, the current investment climate has attracted many foreign investors in the country in various sectors. As such it is with this respect that competitive advantages possessed both by India with China, could be noted as it plays a vital role in terms of the success and eventually business profitability. On the other hand, it could be traced back that China started its state-led modernization reform in the late 1970s after many years of operating according to the Soviet model. Contrasting this to India, the aforementioned’s main reform started after 1991 after which relied largely on the private sector. China’s FDI mainly consists of capital intensive flows whereas India’s FDI is mainly skill intensive (Laudiciana and White, 2005). The impact of such investment has on the domestic economy and the experience of the multinationals with the overall business environment in the sub continent is very vital. Thus it becomes necessary to study the impact of such inflows as it has important policy implications. 1. 2 Research Questions The dissertation aims to answer the following questions: 1. What are the factors that differentiate India’s and China’s FDI performances that influence the inflows and stocks of the aforementioned? 2. What are the effects of FDI inflows and stocks to the economy of India? 3. How will India develop a competitive advantage in terms of its FDI and take over China as a leader in FDI in the future?

Aristotle and Meteorology Essay Example for Free

Aristotle and Meteorology Essay Introduction: Aristotle wrote about many subjects that can be grouped into five general divisions: logic, physical works, psychological works, natural history works, and philosophical works. One of the little known physical works concerned meteorology. Aristotle’s views on meteorology are fascinating, but many of the views were not accurate. This paper compares only a few of his views to actual meteorological facts. I. Biography A. Birth and growth B. Influence on writings II. Basis of Aristotle’s meteorology A. Elements and theory B. Science and facts III. Water vapor and precipitation A. Aristotle’s view B. Science and fact. IV. Winds A. Aristotle’s view B. Science and fact Conclusion: Aristotle explained the various meteorological phenomenon in simplistic terms. The explanations match his theory of how matter and shape were interrelated. Aristotle’s ideas on water vapor and precipitation were somewhat accurate, considering that there were no tools to measure the atmosphere in his time. His views on wind, however, were not accurate at all. He wrote extensively on winds, but never fully comprehended how wind occurred. September 5, 2000 Aristotle on Meteorology Aristotle was born in 384 BC, at Stagirus, a Greek colony on the Aegean Sea near Macedonia. In 367 BC, Aristotle entered the Academy at Athens and studied under Plato, attending his lectures for a period of twenty years. In the later years of his association with Plato and the Academy, he began to lecture on his own account, especially on the subject of rhetoric. When Plato died in 347, Aristotle and another of Plato’s students, Xenocrates, left Athens for Assus, and set up an academy (Encyclopedia 2). In 342, Aristotle returned to Macedonia and became the tutor to a very young Alexander the Great. He did this for the next five to seven years. Both Philip and Alexander appear to have paid Aristotle high honor. There are stories that indicate the Macedonian court supplied Aristotle with funds for teaching, and with slaves to collect specimens for his studies in natural science (Encyclopedia 4). Aristotle returned to Athens when Alexander the Great began his conquests. He found the Platonic school flourishing under Xenocrates, and Platonism the dominant philosophy of Athens (Encyclopedia 5). Aristotle thus set up his own school at a place called the Lyceum. When teaching at the Lyceum, Aristotle had a habit of walking about as he discoursed. It was because of this that his followers became known in later years as the peripatetics, meaning, â€Å"to walk about† (Shakian 126). For the next thirteen years, he devoted his energies to his teaching and composing his philosophical treatises. His institution integrated extensive equipment, including maps and the largest library collection in Europe. He is said to have given two kinds of lectures: the more detailed discussions in the morning for an inner circle of advanced students, and the popular discourses in the evening for the general body of lovers of knowledge. At the sudden death of Alexander in 323 BC, the pro-Macedonian government in Athens was overthrown, and a general reaction occurred against anything Macedonian. A charge of impiety was trumped up against Aristotle. To escape prosecution he fled to Chalcis in Euboea so that (Aristotle says) â€Å"The Athenians might not have another opportunity of sinning against philosophy as they had already done in the person of Socrates† (Encyclopedia 5). In the first year of his residence at Chalcis he complained of a stomach illness and died in 322 BC (Encyclopedia 7). One of Aristotle’s writings is about meteorology. His theories are based on his belief that all objects in the world are composed of form and matter and the world is arranged according to the relative standing each object occupies in the universe (Shakian 127). This basis led to his theory that any motion was from the center or to the center (Encyclopedia 28). Aristotle saw the universe as a scale lying between the two extremes: form without matter on one end, and matter without form on the other end. Additionally, he believed all matter is made of four bodies: fire, air, water, and earth (Encyclopedia 29). With this information as a basis, it is no wonder that any remaining theories would probably be incorrect. Scientific fact cannot disprove that all objects are of form and matter. Any one can agree or disagree with that philosophy. However, scientific fact does show that movement can occur in directions away from the center or toward the center. For example, solar radiation from the sun does not travel in direct lines to or from a center. Some of the radiation scatters into space. Some is reflects from the earth’s surface and is lost into space (Lutgens 37-43). Air molecules do not move toward or away from a center. Air particles move in an infinite number of directions due to molecule size, shape, weight and composition. Finally, Aristotle’s theory that matter is made of four bodies is dramatically short sighted. Air is a mixture of at least nine different components and is constantly changing in composition. Nitrogen and oxygen make up nearly 99% of the volume of dry air. Of all the components of air, carbon dioxide is the most interest to meteorologists (Lutgens 5). In all fairness, Aristotle had no way to measure or determine the exact components of the atmosphere. In book 1, part 3 of Aristotle’s meteorology, Aristotle describes his explanation of water vapor. His explanation describes the area between the surface of the earth and the visible portion of the Milky Way. It is important to note that he views the Milky Way as a plane or upper level surface (Aristotle, â€Å"Meteorology† 253). Aristotle is very close to a scientific answer when he deduced â€Å"that what immediately surrounds the earth is not mere air, but a sort of vapour, and that its vaporous nature is the reason why it condenses back to water again† (Aristotle, â€Å"Meteorology† 253). His logic is interesting when he indicates that this expanse of a body cannot be fire â€Å"for then all the rest would have dried up† (Aristotle â€Å"Meteorology† 254). In part 9, Aristotle addressed the issue of precipitation. He explained that air condensing into water becomes a cloud. Mist is what remains when a cloud condenses into water. He further explained that when water falls in small drops, it is drizzle, and when the drops are larger, it is called rain (Aristotle â€Å"Meteorology† 267). This is one area where Aristotle was close to accurate. One flaw is his view of the Milky Way as a flat plane. Science has shown that the Milky Way is just one of an infinite number of star galaxies. Aristotle realized water vapor existed. He also realized that the area between the earth and the heavens was not fire. What Aristotle deduced as water vapor is scientifically referred to as a parcel of air. As the air parcel rises, it cools and may condense to form a cloud (Lutgens 81). Aristotle believed the remains of water vapor that did not form a cloud was mist. Actually, what remains is just other air parcels. The energy used to condense the air molecule is released as latent heat creating a cycle of rising and sinking air molecules (Lutgens 82-83). Aristotle provided names for the size of water droplets. It is possible that Aristotle coined the names drizzle and rain. Scientifically, drizzle is defined as small droplets of less than . 5 mm. Rain is defined as droplets of . 5 mm to 5 mm (Lutgens 131). Aristotle dedicated several chapters to the theory of winds. Without scientific measurements, the cause or theory of wind was difficult to determine or explain. Aristotle compared wind to a flowing river in book 1 (Aristotle â€Å"Meteorology† 348). Unfortunately, Aristotle could not discern why the river of wind never dried up. Therefore, he abandoned that theory and analogy of wind and simply tried to explain rivers instead. In book two, he dedicated three more chapters to wind. Aristotle used his theory of water vapor and direct observation of something he called smoke to describe the occurrence of wind. He related the rising water vapor and the heat of the sun. This combination created wind. Rain contributed to wind development by causing calm winds after a rain (Encyclopedia 191). Wind must have been a difficult subject for Aristotle to explain, considering how much was written about the subject. The facts indicate he was close to an answer but never fully understood the concept of wind. The definition of wind is the result of horizontal differences in air pressure. Air flows from areas of high pressure to areas of lower pressure. It is nature’s method to balance inequalities of pressure. Unequal heating of the earth’s surface generates the pressure differences. Therefore, solar radiation is the ultimate driving force of wind (Lutgens 149). The effects Aristotle explained were often the results of the pressure changes. He realized the sun had some influence. The clam wind after a rain is an occurrence with strong thunderstorms that leave a micro scale high-pressure dome in their wake (Lutgens 153). Aristotle explained the various meteorological phenomenon in simplistic terms. The explanations match his theory of how matter and shape were interrelated. Aristotle’s ideas on water vapor and precipitation were somewhat accurate, considering there were no tools to measure the atmosphere in his time. His views on wind, however, were not accurate at all. He wrote extensively on winds but never fully comprehended how wind occurred Works Cited Aristotle. Great Books of the Western World. Volume 1. Chicago: Robert P. Gwinn, 1990. Aristotle. â€Å"Meteorology† 113 – 438. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Internet Address: http://classics. mit. edu/Aristotle/meteorology. 1. i. html. Translated by E. W. Webster. 27 Aug. 2000. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1-321. University of Tennessee at Martin. Internet Address: http://www. utm. edu/research/iep/a/aristotl. htm. 24 Aug. 2000. Lutgens, Frederick K. and Edward J. Tarbuck. The Atmosphere. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1992. Sahakian, William S. and Mabel Lewis Sahakian. Ideas of the Great Philosophers. New York: Barnes & Noble Inc. , 1970. Aristotle and Meteorology. (2016, Oct 28).

Fortune-Telling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fortune-Telling - Essay Example Some of the people at the carnival were suspicious of fortune-tellers and as they walked past the booths they made fun of the gypsies. 9. One gypsy explained that telling fortunes was less about helping others' lives than to make his own living. One gypsy explained that telling fortunes had more to do with making a living than it had to do with helping others. 10. Fortune-telling is difficult to categorize because it is neither a science, art, or religion. Fortunte-telling is difficult to categorize because it is not a science, an art, or a religion. Combine sentences and expand the sentences with details to add interest and variety. 1. Washington is the only state named after a president. Many cities and counties are named after presidents. Many cities and counties are named after president, but only one state is named after a president: Washington. 2. California is bordered by the Pacific Ocean. There are many islands, waterways, and rivers not to mention the evergreen forests near the coast. California may be bordered by the Pacific Ocean, but many islands, rivers, and forests can be still found near the coast. 3. The car battery would not start. The battery was dead. I called a tow truck. I called a tow truck since the battery was dead and the car would not start. 4. She was not like her sister in fact they were total opposites. She was nothing like her sister; they were total opposites, in fact. 5. Ricky Martin will remain my favorite singer although he has fallen out of fashion and I think he is terrific. He has done some free concerts for good causes too. Although he has fallen out of fashion, Ricky Martin is still my favorite singer both because he is a terrific vocalist and because he... 8. Holly was told she was going to be a beauty someday. At sixteen she was thin. She was severe. She wore thick glasses down on her nose. Her shoulder bones showed through her shirt. They seemed to puncture her skin. Holly had a severe appearance characterized by being so thin that her shoulder bones seemed to puncture right through her skin. Despite the fact that her shoulder bones actually showed through her shirt and the fact that she wore thick glasses that continually slipped down her nose, she was told she would one day be beautiful.

International Organizations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Organizations - Assignment Example In addition, the IGOs influence the issues of peace and security such that they are deals with inter-nations conflicts and enhance the resolution process s of conflict between states that in return reflect towards improved international security and peace. International non-governmental organizations act as an important watchdog over issues concerning peace and security globally and have a limited capability and strength to enforce international peace and security because of their financial dependence on the respective governments. The NGOs influence the issue of security and peace by forwarding recommendations of new measures in the international agenda on peace and security and constant pressure on the actors to act on the new approach towards a peaceful and secure globe. The multinational organizations are non-profit organization, which operate independently whereby the forces under their command are recruited from various nations that are used to keep peace in nations having civi l wars. Consequently, the multinational have a considerable strength and capability towards the achievement of international peace and security. Hover, these organizations are limited by their dependency on the various nations to provide them with troops. The multinational organizations have achieved the restoration of peace in nation experiencing civil wars for example in Haiti. Development Development is a general term used to describe the growth of a nation in terms of economy, and infrastructure. The various actors contribute to the development issues in different ways and capabilities. The state organizations has the highest percentage in ensuring development because it is responsible too... The paper tells that international organizations refer to an organization that has a global scope in the issues it deals with and operate on international basis. The various international organizations including states, intergovernmental organizations, international non-governmental organizations, and multinational corporations compromise of issue areas with diversified and relative strengths and influence towards the actors. International Peace and Security is an issue that deals with the measures taken by the states to ensure that the world is not under the attack from terrorists located in designated nations. The various actors towards international peace and security present various strength and influence towards attaining the common goal of protecting the world against attacks and peaceful correlation of different states. Development is a general term used to describe the growth of a nation in terms of economy, and infrastructure. The various actors contribute to the development issues in different ways and capabilities. The state organizations has the highest percentage in ensuring development because it is responsible too coordinate all the development strategies pioneered by the other actors such as NGOs, IGOs and multinational organizations. The human right issue is a main international issue whereby all the actors take responsibility in ensuring that it is upheld. The state organizations have a considerable strength in ensuring that the human rights are upheld. As a result, the state organizations set the bills on human rights.

Case Study Assignment Company Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assignment Company Analysis - Case Study Example They use all the information available or that can be reasonably obtained - consisting of known information and beliefs about the future (inferred information). Being the determinant of stock prices, information is the central issue of the efficient market concept. An efficient market is defined as one in which the prices of securities fully reflect all known information quickly and accurately (Jones 1991). The current price of a stock incorporates or fully reflect all information that investors assimilate in the process of making their buy and sell decisions. According to this concept, it is assumed that all known information -- including past information (such as last years or quarters earnings), current information, and events that have been announced but not yet implemented, such as a stock split -- are fully reflected in the price. Other information that can be reasonably inferred such as a change in interest rates will also be reflected in the prices even before the event occur s. By "quickly and accurately" is meant the speed at which information is received by its users, instantaneously in most cases, particularly with current electronic communications availability enabling brokerage houses, institutional investors and others to obtain any information and process it for quick decisions. For individuals without such easy access, information can reach them a few hours or a day later. It is not quite easy to determine what accuracy in price adjustment means, but the theory simply assumes that an unbiased estimate of the equilibrium price is established after all investors have fully assessed the input of the information (Jones 1991). New information about a companys profitability can affect the price of its stock such that it has a positive excess return, described as that portion in the price not accounted for by the overall market movement. On an average day, the difference between the price and the overall market, the

Nutrition and Autism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Nutrition and Autism - Assignment Example Moreover, the elimination of lead-loaded petro has been identified as a deliberate campaign program that has been adopted to eliminate the adverse effects of the chemical substances. The article, therefore, links development of autism t exposure to chemical agents and thus its prevention lies squarely on elimination of exposure. Besides, the author identifies that children are more prone to these chemical agents. Exposure is mainly through maternal transfer to the baby during pregnancy or consistent early exposure to these chemicals. Whichever the case, there are over 200 chemicals that have been proven in laboratories to inhibit brain development. However, there is a critical impediment identified by the author as stumbling a block in avoidance of these chemicals. Firstly, the threshold to prove is too high and require study sample with the control group that is impossible due to ethical consideration. Besides, there are still gaps in chemical neurotoxicity tests leading to insufficient literature (Grandjean and Landrigan 2169). Despite the shortcomings, the article suggests removal of food items that contain these dangerous elements. I feel that the article is scientific and ought to offer direction to food industries that use chemical additives as preservatives or as food components. Mercury and lead have been identified many times as the dangerous elements whose exposure at pregnancy predisposes to teratogenicity. I consider the article findings on chemicals in food, fuel or any other source substantially convincing and policy makers should work around the clock to prevent exposure as an important step in prevention against autism and related conditions. The article explores nutrition, autism and how a combination of nutritional supplements can benefit autistic children. It further reports experimental studies that help affirm suggestion that vitamin B6 and Magnesium element combination is more

Illegal Immigration in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Illegal Immigration in the United States - Essay Example In order to overcome the problem of illegal immigration and end the suffering that these people go through, it is crucial to come up with legal and lawful solutions that cater for the needs of both the citizens and the immigrants themselves. The biggest cause of illegal immigration into the country reflects at harsh legislation passed into law in the mid 1990s. This law changed the immigration policy by placing immigrants, regardless of their status, at the mercy of the government where they are eligible for mandatory detention without the possibility of presenting their cases to a judge in an attempt to be released from custody (National Immigration Forum). Aside from the provisions of the said law, chances of one being branded as an illegal immigrant are close to none as it is discriminative, and should be among the cases to be reformed in order to cut back on the number of illegal immigrants. This is does not mean that illegal immigration should be encouraged, but laws such as thi s are chief contributors to the case. Moreover, in order to counter the problem of illegal immigrants there exist a need for a strict rules that ensure legal immigration is followed and cuts back on incidences of illegalities. This is against all those people who campaign for lower regulations affecting immigration. To them, implementation of immigration policies should be legally binding and contractual arrangements between the local population and incoming immigrant. This is in an attempt to cut back on illegal immigration into the country and promote the law. In addition, the here exists the argument that having laws immigration curtails on the human right concerning mobility (Hall et al 201). Furthermore, rather than blocking immigration into the country as proposed by liberals, it is crucial to have a form of a framework that caters for the role that immigration plays for citizens. The opposition is based on then regularly increasing numbers of immigrants, both legal and illega l (Hall et al 202). In order to break the standoff between those that are for proper immigration laws and those against the whole concept of immigration, there exist a number of issues at hand. These include individual differences in terms of the immigration status of the person in question. In this case, the status of a single immigrant being illegal does not speak for all immigrants to be illegal. This significant misconception works as a hindrance towards legal immigration. There is also the issue of immigrants who work against fellow immigrants, also known as anti-immigrant immigrants. These are born from the misconception that the original immigrants are superior to those that come after them (Hall et al 202). In the process o curbing illegal immigration there are challenges that lies on the issue of law enforcement and what is expected to enforce federal law. Despite the problem caused by the mid 1990s law, strict laws should be enforced in order to deter and control the influ x of illegal immigrants in the country. These include the law that allows the attorney general to enter agreements with state officers, hence, in order to for the officers to work, as immigration officers or rather execute the functions of an immigration officer (Hawley 28). Through such laws, there has been a downward trend due to regular deportation exercises, and thus there should be more of such. In addition, raids conducted in areas

External and Internal Environments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

External and Internal Environments - Assignment Example The study discussed the different strategies followed by the organization to utilize their strength and opportunities and eliminate their threats and weaknesses. The final discussion of this report is based on the analysis of its value chain with the help of the resource, capabilities and core competencies. The different external environment such as politically-economical, legal, social, technological and environmental factors have an important effect on the business decisions of AT&T. The economic and technological factors play the most influential role in the business decision of AT&T (Crandall, 2000). High inflation and interest rates are affecting the overall growth of the economy of the US. Different players of the telecommunication industry are reporting the decline in the profit margin due to the increase in competition and higher interest rate. The increase in disposable income is allowing the consumers to seek for better telecommunication facilities to match their fast life. The increasing demand of customers is directly affecting competition within the telecommunication leaders of US market. The different economical trends and currency rates of all the partner countries has affected the business decision of the organization. AT&T needs to have different market strategies as per the economical differences of all the outsourced countries (Crandall, 2000). The rapid growth of technology has an extensive impact on the business decisions of the telecommunication industry. Most of the organizations are investing to improve their research and development facilities to offer the latest technologies to their customers. The maturity of the technology is also affecting the business decisions of this industry. Most of the technological developments are facing maturity stage very fast due to the introduction of more innovative facilities. The organisation also needs to focus on the global technological trends to sustain their global customers.  

The Perfect Husband Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Perfect Husband - Essay Example As I mature, I realized that perfection can be seen on how a husband is someone who understands and provides a woman's needs and how he keeps his marital commitment, how displays sacrificial leadership. A woman and a man have different needs which should be met by their lifetime partners. A perfect husband should be able to differentiate from his needs and his wife's needs and respond to them. For example, it is stressed that while a man's primary motivation for marriage is sexual fulfillment, a woman constantly longs for his husband's affection and love. Thus, a husband should always show his love to the wife by doing small things like sending her love notes, cooking for her, hugging her a lot, and telling her how much she means to him. A perfect husband is someone who will never think twice of giving up his machismo and show his soft side in order to satisfy his wife. He will also go the extra mile in order to show his constant love and affection. Secondly, a husband should have a strong marital commitment. It is irrefutable that most men detest commitment and dedication but a perfect husband is someone who reaches the maturity of being accountable and responsible for his actions. Since he allowed himself to be bound by a lifetime commitment, he will make sure that he stays faithful to his wife. When the going gets tough, he stays with the wife and remains devoted to her. The husband is often regarded as a head of the family even in this more

Christmas tree Essay Example for Free

Christmas tree Essay Art is an object or piece of work that brings one pleasure. Art is also something you see or feel and you cannot even begin to describe the ways you like it or how it makes you feel. Art is something that portrays beauty and happiness. Art lets you see the world through another person’s perspective. Most art seems to tell a story about where a person has been and the things they have encountered along the way. It lets you connect with the artist and see things through their eyes. Art is a way of expressing one’s self without words. When I think of art, I think of paintings, portraits, sketches, and sculptures. I know there are many other forms of art, but my favorite form is painting. I normally respond first to the mood of the art and the idea it brings to mind. I like art that makes me feel happy. Second I would say I respond to the colors in the art. I like warm and soothing colors. I prefer scenery in art work. I like paintings of autumn, filled with warm oranges and yellows in the trees, country roads covered with fallen leaves. Those kinds of paintings make me feel warm and happy. One of my favorite autumn scenes is by Robert A Tino, a local artist in Sevierville, TN. It is called Autumn Psalm. It is a small country church setting just off of a country road lined with trees. The trees in the painting are almost bare, and the beautiful autumn leaves are scattered on the ground. This painting gives me a sense of peace and happiness. The content of art is not quite as important to me as the way it makes me feel. I love works of art that portray a place that I have been or know. It is nice to see something you are familiar with from another person’s perspective. For instance, Harrisburg Holiday, another great work of art by Robert A Tino. It is a painting of a covered bridge that I am very familiar with, but he has painted it as he saw it in 1975. It is a beautiful winter scene. He paints the roads covered with snow and an old red Chevy truck hauling a Christmas tree. The scene has two snowmen at the entrance to the covered bridge. It fills your heart with warmth and holiday spirit just to look at it. Portraits to me are art in a different sense. Some of my favorite portraits are by Martin Waugh. It is what he calls Liquid Sculpture. He uses high speed photography to capture drops of liquid as the splash into lakes and other bodies of water. To me there is just something so soothing about his work. It is amazing how a tiny drop of liquid can create such a beautiful work of art. His work impresses me, because I never really thought of liquid as art before I saw one of his photos. The formal qualities of art work are somewhat important. I like paintings that flow smoothly with very fine brush strokes. I think some of the most beautiful art work is produced with a combination of canvas and oil paints. I like portraits that capture images I normally could not see otherwise. Portraits that capture the colors you can see when light reflects on a ripple of water amaze me. I do not know a great deal about art, but art seems to be much more opinion than fact.

Mark Mathabane’s Kaffir Boy Essay Example for Free

Mark Mathabane’s Kaffir Boy Essay Racial Discrimination, has already been a long term phenomenon, in existent in almost all societies in different eras and civilization. The idea of discrimination is inevitable. Considering that such discrimination creates social structure as regards what is expected of everybody in a society and what is due to them. However, sometimes this social structure is abused, beyond its limit. People who belong to a higher status quo would definitely do whatever it takes to keep it. To illustrate, colonizers who had way better technology, combat powers and knowledge as compared to areas being colonized, would come to these new conquests are superiors. They would then take the locals as slaves and ravish on the wealth that they have to offer. In their own place, these locals become discriminated and unwanted. In return, locals would do whatever it takes to associate themselves with the colonizers, by looking like them, being friends with them, working for them, or marrying people of their kind. And it always seems that it is the right thing to do. When the British came to South Africa, this is exactly what happened. Mark Mathabane’s Kaffir Boy, tells a real story of a man who chose to fight a different battle to combat discrimination and inequality. While most of his relatives act as freedom fighters, he came to America to educate himself and to excel in a sport he loves. His success has given so much inspiration. His story as depicted in his book will take us with him as he reveals the horrors of his past. Mark Mathabane lived in a country, wherein racial divide, for most of its early years seemed to be the only thing that defines them. South Africa, a country nestled in the continent of Africa, was once invaded by white colonizers too. And they have proven that they came there to stay. In a country such as South Africa, a nation so unique as compared to other nations in the African continent. South Africa can be considered as diverse in a special way, because it is the only African country that has Caucasians as locals. Originally dominated by black Americans, South Africa is now a melting pot of two cultures. Analysis It had never occurred to me that though the two were different as night and day, as separate as east and -west, they had everything to do with each other; that one could not be without the other (94) This statement from Johannes best explains the struggles of Mathabane. In summary it explains how the two dominant races in South Africa has tried to isolate each group against each other, by means of creating physical division such as creating boundaries and naming certain places as black or white territory. Whites are in a way regarded more superior because they are more literate as well. The government also used formal means to strengthen the divide by creating laws such as prohibiting mix marriages, and creating policies in the education system that seems to favor a specific race. Overall, it was almost the generally accepted norm, to- categorize, discriminate. Kaffir Boy, is a tale about Mark Mathabane’s life growing up in South Africa, just outside of Johannesburg. Mark Mathabane lives in the town of Alexandra during industrial colonialism period with his parents, five sisters and a brother. He talks about how he experienced brutality and starvation from the Peri Urban, an Apartheid police group in South Africa. Growing up very poor, he dreamt of having a better life for him and his family. He often questioned the prejudices happening around him and has decided to take the course of his destiny in his own hands. As a young boy, he struggled with his identity. He wonders which religion he should practice, which country or class he should belong. There is so much craving for autonomy that at a young age he began resenting his parents religious and tribal heritage and eventually decided to leave Africa. Believing that religion, specifically Christianity was used wrongfully by different groups and races, he eventually rejected it. He believes that government used it to claim that God had given whites the divine right to rule over blacks; the black churches misused it by demanding money from Africans who were already destitute; and black churches further misused it by resigning themselves to the idea that this was their lot in life, Gods will for black men and women (36). Mathabane also recalled how apartheid made use of tribalism as form of torture against Africans. He believes that his father, allowed himself to be controlled by superstitions, Relatively mature for his age, he reiterates his independence by doing what he pleases with his life. For Mathabane, the Christian God is bias in favor of the whites and is oblivious to the Africans pain. Although he recognizes its legitimacy as sign of respect for her mothers faith, he still rejects it the way he rejects tribalism and African superstition. For him, submitting to any specific belief or religion is synonymous with compromising his free will. In page 208 of the book he further on states African superstition and tribal culture were not for him. His scorn for his father lay in the fact that his father clung to values which had outlived their usefulness, values which discriminated against him while he attempted to function within the white mans world (208). â€Å"What Mathabane did accept, though it took some trial and error, was his mothers understanding that education would lead him to a better life. Learning English, he decided, was the crucial key to unlocking the doors of the white world (193). The books that white people read led to the power they had over black people (254). Mathabane eventually decided that literacy was a necessary element in the liberation struggle. How can the illiterate function, he wondered, in a world ruled by signs (201) Books had taught him about places where he could be free to think and feel the way I want, instead of the way apartheid wants (254). He then realizes that he needs to make important decisions in order to make his dreams come true. Thinking that South Africa has nothing much to offer, at least for a poor black African boy like him, he decided to try his luck with American Universities. As he begins to plot his future, his tennis abilities begin to progress faster and better. Being an avid fan of Arthur Ashe, he takes his wins and losses as if his own. The achievements of his â€Å"idol† encourages him to do better every single day. From black state competitions, he started joining the more prestigious white state competitions. His participation in white state competitions led to his banning from joining black state competitions. At this point, he feels as if his progress in his craft takes him away from the things he loved the most. Luckily, Mark later on leaves for the United States as a university scholar, through the help of a famous American tennis player and other white donors. Conclusion Deep within me,I knew that I could never really leave South Africa or Alexandra. I was Alexandra, I was South Africa (348). This goes to show that despite of all the successes, the author looks back in his roots. At first, his move out of Africa was just his way of â€Å"escaping† the endless circle of failed dreams and lack of opportunities. But his absence in his country makes him reaffirm his identity, and gives him the opportunity, to finally appreciate what his past has to offer for his present and for his future. This book tells a very dark story filled with pain, sadness and loneliness on most of its chapters, but it also provides a strong foundation for the readers to further understand the plight of the narrator. The journey he took was not only of hope, but rather, a journey of rediscovery. How can the illiterate function, he wondered, in a world ruled by signs (201)? The books had taught him and transported him to places where he could be free to think and feel the way I want, instead of the way apartheid wants (254). Why burn the only thing that taught one to believe in the future, to fight for ones right to live in freedom and dignity? (285). Here reaffirms his conclusion as we experiences Soweto riots, which was triggered by resentment over the governments ruling that African education system be taught it Afrikaans instead of English. Upon witnessing the library burn down he inquired for enlightenment from one of his peers, who mentioned that the burning is for the destruction of all the traces of white oppression in the Bantu Education system. The struggles in his youth, leads him to think that literacy is the key to success. by learning English, he will be given better opportunities, the same as the whites. According to the author, literacy has given the whites so much edge and power over the black Africans. Having an education will somehow even out the playing field. Literacy for Mathabane is so important, that for him this will eventually lead them to be liberated from all their struggles. In the end, we really have no control over our government, over the people around us, and over norms and traditions we grew up with. But we do have full control over our perspective, our feelings and destiny. And this is precisely what Mathabane did. He took charge of his own future. This book inspires me to examine the choices I have made as a young person, at the same time, it makes me wonder whether the previous steps I have taken in life will take me closer to my aspirations or take me farther. But then, it makes me think deeper not just about my ambitions, but what I really want to contribute to my society in the end. This book serves as a wake up call. In a society wherein we are given so much opportunity, it seems as if we are left with no excuses not to excel. Reference: Mark Mathabane, 1998, Kaffir Boy, Simon Schuster Adult Publishing Group

Growth and Lipid Production of L. Starkeyi Mutants

Growth and Lipid Production of L. Starkeyi Mutants CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Diesel is one of the components in fossil fuel. However, the over-use of diesel is producing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide gases which are the major elements leading to global warming. Hence, due to increase in demand and source limitation, biodiesel is introduced as a substitute for diesel fuel (Wild et al., 2010). Biodiesel is a diesel fuel substitute that is extracted from renewable biomass. Biodiesel can be produced from plant oils, animal fats and microorganisms. Traditionally, biodiesel is produced from plant oils which were transesterify with methanol (Dai et al., 2007). However, production of biodiesel from plant oils is not suitable due to the quality of tillable land (Li et al., 2008) and competition with food production (Wahlen et al., 2012). Furthermore, the increase in animal fats prices due to the increase in animal feed makes it not suitable as biodiesel feedstock (Li et al., 2008). Hence, oleaginous microorganisms have been introduced as good candidates for biodiesel feedstock. Oleaginous microorganisms can accumulate lipid up to 20% of its cell dry weight (Ageitos et al., 2011). Oleaginous microorganisms have the ability to utilize different carbon source (Ageitos et al., 2011). In this study, Lipomyces starkeyi will be used. This type of yeast has the ability to produce lipid up to 70 % of its cell dry weight (Wild et al., 2010). L. starkeyi can utilize different types of carbon as its sole carbon and it is flexible in terms of culture conditions (Ageitos et al.,2011). However, L. starkeyi is still not economically practical because of the limitations in the wild-type strains (Ageitos et al., 2011). Therefore, in our research, we will be using L. starkeyi mutants in an attempt to produce more lipid more lipid in the fungal cells. The L. starkeyi mutants will be cultured in modified media consists of glucose, (NH4) SO4, yeast extract, Na2HPO4.7H20, KH2PO4, MgSO4. 7H20, CaCl2. 2H20, FeSO4, ZnSO4.H20 and CuSO4 supplied with 2.5% (w/v) and 5.0% (w/v) of glucose and sago effluents in separated schott bottles. pH 5 and pH 6 will also be used in order to optimize the production of lipid. The temperature that will be used is room temperature ( ± 27 °C). In this experiment, sago effluent and glucose would serve as carbon source for L. starkeyi. The total carbohydrate that would be consumed by L. starkeyi will be tested using phenol-sulphuric test. Our objectives in this research are: To optimize growth and lipid production of L. starkeyi mutants To measure the amount of lipid produced by L. starkeyi mutants cultured in 2.5 % and 5 % of glucose medium To measure the amount of lipid produced by L. starkeyi mutants cultured in sago effluent CHAPTER 2:  LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Biodiesel Biodiesel consists of alkly ester of fatty acids or triglycerides. Conventionally, triglyceride is produced from soybeans oil with the addition of alcohol and acid or base catalyst. This process is known as transesterifications which will produce Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) (Wahlen et al., 2012). Basically, biodiesel can be derived from 3 sources which are plants oil, animal fat and microorganisms (Meng et al., 2008). Plant oils that involve in the production of biodiesel are rapeseed, palm oil, soybeans, cottonseed, sunflower and many possible crops (Perritano, 2010). However, the practical used of plant oils raises critical issues on the decreasing in quality of land that is needed to plant the crops could affect the quality of the crops produced (Li et al., 2008). In addition, it also competes with the food production (Wahlen et al., 2012). Animal fat is also not a good biodiesel feedstock due to economical reasons (Meng et al., 2008). Hence, oleaginous microorganisms stand out as a potential feedstock provider. 2.2 Oleaginous microorganisms Oleginous yeasts (OY) are known producers of single cell oil (SCO). SCO produced from this organism are triacylglycerides (TAG) that have long-chain of fatty acids and have similar properties with plant oils. TAG acts as source of energy and it assist in phospholipid membrane formation. OY also utilizes various its carbon sources from waste substrate thus the cost to culture this microorganism is low (El-Fadaly et al., 2009). There are four groups of oleaginous microorganisms that capable of producing biodiesel which are bacteria, algae, filamentous fungi and yeast (Kitcha and Cheirsilp, 2011). The genera of oleaginous yeast are Yarrowia, Candida, Rhodotorula, Rhodosporium, Crytococcus, Trichosporon and Lipomyces (Ageitos et al., 2011). The specific name for the most preferable candidates for production of lipid are Cryptococcus albidus, Rhodosporidium toruloides, Rhodotorula glutinis, Lipomyces starkeyi and Yarrowia lipolytica. These microorganisms are capable of producing intracellular lipid more than 20% of its cell dry weight (Tapia et al., 2012). The duplication rate of yeast is lower than 1 hour and it is easy to culture compared to other microalgae. Other than that, certain oily yeast also has the ability to produce lipid up to 80% of their dry weight, while utilizing different carbon source including the lipid present in media (Ageitos et al., 2011). 2.3 Factors affecting lipid accumulations in Oleginous yeast Lipid accumulations occur when yeast is cultured under high amount of carbon source but in limited source of nitrogen. This is due to the nutrient imbalance that helps in triggering the accumulation of lipid because the remaining substrate would be assimilated by the yeast’s cells hence convert it into fat for storage (Ageitos et al., 2011). The fat that accumulated could be extracted to produce biodiesel. In addition, the accumulations of lipid also affected by other factors such as the present of microelements and inorganic salts in media. These elements help in ATP (AdenosineTriPhosphate) citrate lyse which important in lipid production (Ageitos et al., 2011). 2.4 Lipomyces starkeyi L. starkeyi is one of the members of Saccharomycetales and considered as true inhabitant of soil which have a worldwide distribution (Ansschau et al., 2014). L. starkeyi have the ability to accumulate lipid up to 70% of its dry weight (Wild et al., 2010). It also has a high flexibility in utilization of carbon source and culture environment. Other than that, fatty acid produced by L. starkeyi is almost similar to the vegetable oil (Tapia et al., 2012). According to Wild et al. (2010), L. starkeyi need a high ratio of carbon to nitrogen in order to optimize the production of lipid. The lipid bodies (LB) of L. starkeyi will receive the excess carbon source in the form of triglycerides (TAGs) (Ageitos et al., 2011) 2.5 Sago effluent Sago effluent is a form of sago liquid waste. In normal processes, this effluent would be channeled into the river, thus polluting the river and environment (Awang-Adeni et al., 2010). The releasing of sago effluent into the river can cause decreasing in water pH and increase in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (Ayyasamy et al., 2008) Sago effluent contains a high amount of organic materials and non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) (Awang-Adeni et al., 2010). NSP are made of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In cellulose, the sub-components are 89% glucose and small amount of xylose, rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, fructose and galactose. In contrast to cellulose, hemicellulose main components are glucose and xylose accompanied with arabinose, galactose, rhmnose, fucose and uranic acid. Lignin functions in rigidity and stability of the wood. To sum up, sago effluent contains up to 66% of starch, 14 % fiber and 25 % lignin (Awang-Adeni et al., 2010). Sago effluents which flow from the sago mill usually have the ratio of carbon to nitrogen high which is 105: 0.12 (Awang-Adeni et al., 2010). As stated by Ageitos et al. (2011), L. starkeyi have the ability to utilize starch as its sole carbon. Hence, sago effluent is an excellent choice because it has a high amount of starch which can helps in optimizing the lipid production. 2.6 Phenol-sulphuric test Phenol-sulphuric test is the quantitative assays which often used in estimation of carbohydrate. This test could detect the presence of neutral sugar in oligosaccharides, proteoglycan, glycoproteins and glycolipids (Albalasmeh et al., 2013). When phenol-sulphuric is added, the glucose that presence in samples would dehydrate thus forms hydroxymethyl furfurax. It would yield a yellow-brown product and the OD could be checked at 490 nm (Albalasmeh et al., 2013). CHAPTER 3:  MATERIALS AND METHOD 3.1 Materials Modified media as suggested by Wild et al. (2010). Lipomyces Starkeyi mutants (LS R1 and LS R2) 2.5 % (w/v) and 5.0 % (w/v) of glucose (Ee Syn, Malaysia) 2.5 % (w/v) and 5.0 % (w/v) of sago effluent (Pusa, Malaysia) 80 % (w/v) of Glycerol stock (HmbG, Germany) 5 % Phenol (Nacalai Tesque, Japan) Hexane (Reagents, USA) Isopropanol (Amresco, USA) Microcentrifuge (Hettich EBA 21, England) Schotts bottles (Duran, Germany) 3.2 Glycerol stock A single colony of L. starkeyi mutants R3 will be inoculated into 100 ml of modified media. 800 ÃŽ ¼l of L. starkeyi mutants R3 that have grown will be transferred into vial that contained 1200 ÃŽ ¼l of glycerol stock. The glycerol stock steps of L. starkeyi will be repeated for L. starkeyi mutants R4. The solution will be stored in freezer at -20  °C. 3.3 Propagation of cell 1.5 L of modified media with pH 5 will be prepared into two Liter schott bottles and L. starkeyi mutants R3 and R4 will be inoculated in respective bottles (Wild et al., 2010). This step will be repeated for pH 6. For day 1 until day 6, three (3) falcon tubes will be autoclave and weight. After that, 50 ml of the cultured from first bottle will be transferred into each three (3) falcon tubes and it will be weighted again. The sample will be sent for centrifuge for 5 minutes at 5000 rpm. The supernatant will be discarded and the pellet with falcon tube will be weight again for its wet weight. The sample will be dry in the oven for 1 or 2 days. After that, the sample will be weight again for its dry weight. All experiments will be performed in duplications. 3.4 Standard curve for L. starkeyi 1 ml of culture which will be incubated for 3 days earlier will be added into 9 ml of modified media in test tube. Serial dilution will take place with the factors of 10-1 until 10-7. For factors of 10-1 until 10-7, their OD will be checked for 600 nm. For factors 10-5 until 10-7, 300 ÃŽ ¼l from each sample will be taken and poured onto plate count agar. The plate will be incubated overnight before colony counting will be performed. 3.5 Lipid accumulation stage for L. starkeyi mutants The L. starkeyi mutants culture will be incubated for 3 days (optimum growth) at room temperature. After 3 days, 750 ml of 10.0% (w/v) of glucose will be added into 750 ml modified media to achieve final concentration of 5% (w/v) in the schott bottle and it will be incubated further for 6 days. From day 1 to day 6, 150 ml of cultured will be harvested into each three (3) falcon tubes. This step will be repeated for pH 5 with 5.0% (w/v) of glucose and pH 6 with 10.0% (w/v) and 5.0% (w/v) of sago effluent. 3.6 Sampling biomass The samples will be weighted in wet condition before dry in the oven. After that, the samples will be dried in the oven for 3 days. The dried mass will be taken and weighted again for dry weight. 3.7 Lipid extraction Hexane: propanol in the ratio of 3:2 will be added into the falcon tubes consists of the dry mass. The mixture will be homogenized for 2 minutes. The homogenized sample will be incubated for 1 hour before centrifuge for 5 minutes. The supernatant will be taken and placed in an empty beaker and weight. The supernatant will be heated until the hexane and propanol solution have evaporated completely. The remaining oil will be weighted again. This step will be repeated for 5.0% (w/v) of glucose, 2.5% (w/v) of sago effluent and 5.0% (w/v) of sago effluent. 3.8 Phenol-sulphuric carbohydrate test Phenol test is used to detect the amount of carbohydrate that is not consumed by L. starkeyi. For each sample, phenol-sulphuric carbohydrate test will be performed by adding 0.2 ml of 5% (w/v) of phenol and 1 ml of 96% (w/v) of sulphuric acid. After that, 1 ml from each mixture will be placed into a clean cuvette and read at 490 nm in a spectrophotometer. EXPECTED OUTCOME By the end of this experiment, we expect to measure the amount of lipid produced by Lipomyces starkeyi mutants in 2.5% (w/v) and 5.0% (w/v) concentration of glucose and sago effluent at different pH. WORK SCHEDULE Project Activities 2014 2015 Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March Apr May Data collection à ¢-  Proposal writing and presentation à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢-  Bench work and sample processing à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢-  Progress report à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢-  Data analysis à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢-  Data validation: Statistical analysis à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢-  Report writing and presentation à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢- º à ¢-  Legends à ¢- º: In progress à ¢-  : End of progress REFERENCES Ageitos, J.M., Vallejo, J.A., Veiga-Crespo, P., Villa, T.G. (2011). Oily yeast as oleaginouscell factories. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnoogy, 90(12), 1219-1227. Albalasmeh, A.A., Berhe, A.A., Ghezzehei, T.A. (2013). Method for rapid determination of carbohydrate and total carbon concentrations using UV spectrophotometetry. Carbohydrate Polymers, 97(2), 253-261. Anschau, A., Xavier, M.C.A., Hernalsteens, S., Franco, T.T. (2014). Effect of feeding  strategies on lipid production by Lipomyces starkeyi. Bioresource Technology, 157, 214-222. Ayyasamy, P.M., Banuregha, R., Vivekanandhan, G., Rajakumar, S., Yasodha, R., Lee, S., Lakshmanaperumalsamy, P. (2008). Bioremediation of sago industry effluent and its impact on seed germination (green gram and maize). Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24(11). 2677-2684 Awang-Adeni, D.S., Abd-Aziz, S., Hassan, M.A. (2010). Bioconversion of sago residue into value added. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(14), 2016-2021. El-Fadalay, H.A., El-Naggar, N.E., Marwan, E.M. (2009). Single Cell Oil Production by an Oleginous Yeast Strain in a Low Cost Cultivation Medium. Research Journal of Microbiology, 4(8), 301-313. Kitcha, S., Cheirsilp, B. (2011). Screening of Oleaginous Yeasts and Optimization for Lipid. Energy Procedia, 9, 274-282. Li, Q., Du, W., Liu, D. (2008). Perspectives of microbial oils for biodiesel production. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 80(5), 749-756. Meng, X., Yang, J., Xu, X., Zhang, L., Nie, Q., Xian, Mo. (2008). Biodiesel production from oleaginous microorganisms. Renewable Energy, 34(2009), 1-5. Perritano, J. (13, December 2010). 10 top biofuel crops. Retrieved from HowStuffWorks:http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/biofuels/10biofuelcrops. htm#page=2 Tapia, E. V., Anschou, A., Coradini, A. L., Franco, T. T., Deckmann, C. (2012). Optimization of lipid production by the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi by random mutagenesis coupled to cerulenin screening. AMB express, 2(64), 1-8.

Sport, Education, and the Meaning of Victory Essay -- Athletics Greece

Sport, Education, and the Meaning of Victory Sport was included in ancient educational systems because it was thought to promote aretà ª or human excellence which could be applied to almost any endeavor in life. The goal of most modern scholastic athletic programs might be better summed up in a word: winning. Is this a sign that we have lost touch with the age-old rationale for including sport in education? I argue that it need not be by showing that we value winning precisely for the virtues associated with it. I then take Plato's traditional parts of aretà ª: piety, sophrosunà ª, courage and justice and show how they are manifest in modern athletic ideals of self-knowledge, discipline, courage and justice. To the extent that scholastic athletic programs develop these virtues, I conclude, their pursuit of winning is not at odds with the institutional mission of educating students. If an athletic program's pursuit of victory allows such character-building to fall by the wayside, however, it deserves no place in our high scho ols, colleges or universities. As in the world of the Ancient Greeks, sport plays an important role in the educational institutions of 20th century America. The reasoning for this in ancient times, as now, is a belief that sport helps to make better people — that it promotes excellence (what the Greeks called aretà ª) in individuals, excellence which can be applied to almost any endeavor in life. That said, it must be acknowledged that most athletes, coaches, and school administrations identify the goal of their athletic programs in one word: winning. Is this a sign that we've lost touch with the age-old rationale for including sport in education? Is the philosophy that "winning is everything," or "the only thing... .... 38-45. Marrou, H. I. 1956. A History of Education in Antiquity, translated by George Lamb. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press. Mihalich, Joseph. 1992. Sports and Athletics: Philosophy in Action. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield. Nettleship, R. L. 1935. The Theory of Education in Plato's Republic. London: Oxford University Press. First published in Hellenica in 1880. Plato. 1989. Collected Dialogues. Edited by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Sansone, David. 1988. Greek Athletics and the Genesis of Sport. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Simon, Robert L. 1984. "Good Competition and Drug-Enhanced Performance." Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, vol. XI. 6-13. Walton, Gary M. 1992. Beyond Winning: The Timeless Wisdom of Great Philosopher Coaches. Champaign, IL: Leisure Press.

The Cycle of Fashion Essay -- Fashion Style Mode Essays

The Cycle of Fashion Fashion is fuelled by conversion. Designers continually persuade the public that their new ideas, however shocking they may seem, are in fact everything that a stylish wardrobe requires. Next season, the same designers convince everyone to give up their allegiance to such out-modish designs and embrace instead the innovative visual trends of the latest collections. The same garments are successively dubbed 'outlandish', 'in fashion' and 'out-dated' according to the apparent vagaries of prevailing fashionable sensibilities. Are we really duped by such duplicity? Or are we willing participants in the cycle of fashion? And perhaps more significantly, what relevance does the cycle have today in Western society's culture of mass consumerism? The idea that fashion in dress follows a cyclical phase structure is not new. The sociologist, Quentin Bell made such an observation over fifty years ago in his book, On Human Finery. Moreover, his observation was based on accumulated evidence of an uninterrupted cyclical flow in dress change in Western society since at least the thirteenth century. The sociologist, Ingrid Brenninkmeyer describes this flow by comparing it to the rolling of waves in the sea. As one fashion gains popularity, crests and dissipates, another stylistic wave is already forming behind it. Further extensions of this metaphor liken different stylistic features to variations in the waves themselves. For example, just as different wave patterns form on the basis of their force, size or length, so also different overlapping patterns can be traced in changes of fashionable hem length, silhouette, fabric, dà ©colletage and colour. Mere descriptions of the fashion cycle however do little to explain exactly why successful designers? ideas typically rise and fall in popularity. What is the motivating force behind such changes in fashion? What causes the cycle to move from one phase to the next? These questions cannot be answered simply. Perhaps sheer boredom inspires the continual search for something new. Or can novelty be related to ideas of sexual allure and attraction? Do competing market interests in the fashion industry play a role in animating the cycle? Or could changes in dress function as markers of class differentiation? These factors and more have been variously proposed and analysed by researchers into the socio... ...n's clothing? To look at the men's side of underwear is different." One page of the calendar (April) does depict men's undershirts from the 18th and 19th centuries. Even the English language has been influenced by undergarments. Several popular expressions make reference to underwear: "Loose woman" comes from the connotations associated with uncorseted or loosely corseted women, Queen says. A similar case is "shiftless"; a shift was an 18th century support-providing undergarment, and Queen says the term was meant to characterize someone "without support." Many people believe that underwear for women has changed as it has because of feminism and changing social attitudes. To a large degree, that's true, Queen says, but there are other factors as well. In the past, undergarments were often designed for their "body-shaping" features. But these days, thanks to the increase in exercise and athleticism among women, "the body has become its own foundation" and women no longer need to rely on cloth and whalebone for this purpose, she says. "The choice," says Queen, "is do we want to spend three hours a day in the gym to sculpt the body, or do we want to put on a piece of cloth?"

High Divorce Rate Essay -- essays research papers

Do you know that our divorce rate in America is 50%? This means that 50% of all marriages in America end in divorce. This means that more than hundreds of people are getting divorced right at this moment. You may ask, what are the divorce rates in America for first marriage, vs. second or third marriage? 50% of first marriages, 67% of second and 74% of third marriages end in divorce, according to Jennifer Baker of the Forest Institute of Professional Psychology in Springfield, Missouri. This means that more people are getting divorced on their third marriage. Divorce is the failure of a couple's commitment to their marital and family roles. Parents may think about their children's well being in deciding whether or not to split, but it's very rare that parents will ask their children about it prior to making a decision. During and following a divorce, there a number of issues parents will usually face. Parents can't just avoid divorce because they will cause children to have emotional pain. When parents make a decision to divorce, children are expected to cope with the decision...

Bullet in the Brain

English 102 Professor February 23, 2013 Bullet in the Brain The short story â€Å"Bullet in the Brain† is a story about a character with a very distinct persona. The main character, Anders, is one who is established as being an odd character from the very beginning. The setting takes place in a bank that is soon to be bombarded by robbers wearing ski masks. Being a book critic, Anders lets his profession override his critical thinking skills during the robbery. This puts the bank robber’s patience to test, ultimately leading to Anders’ death at the end of the story.In the opening paragraph of the story, the author begins by explaining Anders’ character as â€Å"a book critic known for the weary, elegant savagery with which he dispatched almost everything he reviewed† (542). The author begins by telling us this so we can get a grasp on what kind of personality traits the character has. This is a guarantee that everything coming out of Anders’ mouth will be something critical, which helps put us in the mindset for what is to come.Examining Anders’ critical personality traits, the way he interacts with others, and even his dying thoughts, we can begin to understand why his profession of being a book critic has put such a burden upon his life, ultimately placing him on the receiving end of a bullet in the brain. Taking a look at some of Anders’ mannerisms, we can see how he takes his occupation of being a book critic and lets it overtake his daily living. Take, for instance, the scene when one of the tellers puts her â€Å"POSITION CLOSED† sign in her window. Anders sarcastically says to the ladies in line â€Å"Tragic, really.If they’re not chopping off the wrong leg, or bombing your ancestral village, they’re closing their positions† (542). This looks as if it was torn from a scene right out of a movie or a book, because what does closing your bank station a few minutes early have to do with such dramatic instances as Anders mentions above? If I were one of the two ladies standing in front of him in line, I would think that he is a bit on the crazy side. It’s not every day that you run into someone with as much satire in their word use, and Anders was overdramatizing the situation entirely.As soon as the two robbers enter the bank wearing business suits and ski masks, threatening the customers and tellers inside the bank, Anders reacts as if he is watching a movie or a play by blatantly stating â€Å"Great skit, eh? The stern, brass-knuckled poetry of the dangerous classes† (542). It’s almost as if he is sitting there watching this whole scene happen from the critic’s VIP seat because who, in their right mind, would openly say something this taunting in the face of death? These two robbers have the power to take Anders’ life at the pull of a trigger and he is laughing in their faces.His word use in the above quote also make s me question his sanity. Who talks like that in everyday conversation? Anders has been caught up in playing the role of a critic for so long that he doesn’t realize that life, in fact, isn’t a well-played-out movie. One minute, he is exaggerating the severity of the situation when the teller closes her station, and the next minute he is laughing in the face of the robber when he has a gun held at his throat. This in itself shows that Anders’ doesn’t fully understand the severity of the situation.He may have actually believed that it was all just an act judging by the way he reacted. Anders then found humor in the scene painted on the bank’s ceiling, but it isn’t until the robber says â€Å"Fuck with me again, you’re history. Capiche? † (543) that Anders lost it. He thinks that the use of the word ‘capiche’ was the funniest thing he has heard all day, and at that precise moment he got shot in the head. It is during the last half of the story, after Anders gets shot in the head, that his character development is better understood.As the bullet passes through his brain, his life flashes before his eyes. Instead of remembering all of the good parts of his life, such as his family and his first love, he recalls the one thing in life that shaped him into the person that he is today. He remembers being out on a baseball field as kids and hearing Coyle’s cousin speak the life changing words â€Å"Short’s the best position they is† (545). Anders was so entranced by these six words that it caused a new fascination that he never yet knew until this point. These words were the only things he remembered as he was put to death.Why is this? It is because that particular day while standing in the baseball field, Anders discovered his fascination with criticism. This is the turning point in Anders’ life because if it weren’t for Coyle’s cousin using such captivating word use that sparked much admiration and awe in Anders’ brain, maybe he wouldn’t have become a book critic. If he didn’t become a book critic, then his life wouldn’t have been so dramatically overtaken by his job, making him go crazy and smart off to the armed robbers, getting himself shot in the head.Anders’ love for criticism was so deep, that he let it control every aspect of his life beginning at a young age. What may have started as an innocent passion for something, turned into a dangerous obsession. It was the bank robber who pulled the trigger, but it was Anders’ lack of self-control that caused the robber to lose patience and take his life. Examining Anders’ critical personality and how it was developed, the way he interacted with others in public, and the last thoughts he had as he was shot in the head, we understand what exactly caused him to receive a bullet in the brain.

Employee Management, Inventory and Purchasing System

severalize and Section IT 230 assort bring out GREGORIO_JOLCANAIN_FRASCO Group Members Gregorio, Ralph Jolcanain, Sandra Frasco, Harry Nelson Date August 19, 2012 bon ton/Office genus Sagittarius Mines Inc. Title of purpose Stage Employee worry, memorandum and acquire dodging Sagittarius Mines Inc. REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION AND conceptual information MODEL Employee Management, scrutinize and buying organization of rules Sagittarius Mines Inc. I. REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION The Organization Sagittarius Mines, Inc. SMI) is developing the Tampakan Copper-Gold Project in grey Philippine island of Mindanao, involving one of the worlds largest undeveloped copper-gold deposits. SMI is a contractor of the Philippine Government under the terms of a Financial and Technical Assistance concordance (FTAA). Business Environment SMI currently blend from offices in Makati City in Manila, in ecumenic Santos and Digos cities and in the municipalities of Tampakan, Columbio, and Kibla wan. As at the end of 2010 we employed much than 370 stave and more than 1,000 contractors. SMI has a strong track-record as a guild that works in a responsible manner.In fact, their commitment to incorporate social responsibility in the Philippines has been recognised with numerous awards including the 2006, 2009 and 2010 Presidential Environmental divide, the 2010 Award of Distinction from the Safety Organization of the Philippines and recognition in 2010 as the Outstanding Stakeholder from the part of Education in Region XII. Sagitarrius Mines Inc. is world managed by a general private instructor who oversees the Operations conductor, tender Resource passenger vehicle, pay and Commercial charabanc, pretend Management and course of study Manager.Operations Manager forgiving Resource Manager finance and Commercial Manager Risk Management And class Manager General Manager General Manager Duties include Increases focuss specialty by recruiting, selecting, orienting, training, coaching, counseling, and disciplining managers communicating values, strategies, and objectives assigning accountabilities planning, monitoring, and value job results developing incentives developing a climate for offering information and opinions providing educational opportunities. educates strategic plan by study technological and financial opportunities presenting assumptions recommending objectives. Accomplishes subsidiary objectives by establishing plans, budgets, and results measurements whollyocating resources reviewing progress making mid-course corrections. Coordinates efforts by establishing procurement, production, marketing, field, and good services policies and practices coordinating actions with corporate staff.Builds comp each image by collaborating with customers, government, community disposals, and employees enforcing respectable business practices. Maintains quality service by establishing and enforcing organization standards. Maintains skipper and technical association by attending educational workshops reviewing professional publications establishing personal networks benchmarking state-of-the-art practices participating in professional societies. Operations Manager An operations manager runs the day-to-day operations of an organization or business.Her sole purpose is to denudation ways to make the ac party more productive by providing effective methods in its business operations. An individual in this bewilder usually grooms program budgets, facilitates several programs close to the company, controls inventory, handles logistics and interviews and supervises employees. A person interested in operations management directs to go through with(predicate) a strong leadership reason and must(prenominal) k like a shot how to handle problems right away and expeditiously. In addition, she must have peachy communicating skillsHuman Resource Manager- The Human Resources Manager originates and leads Human Resources practices and objectives that will set aside an employee-oriented, juicy performance culture that emphasizes empowerment, quality, productivity and standards, finish attainment, and the recruitment and ongoing development of a superior workforce. The Human Resources Manager coordinates slaying of services, policies, and programs through Human Resources staff reports to the General Manager and serves on the executive management team and assists and advises company managers about Human Resources issues.Risk Management And program Manager -Risk and curriculum Manager advises organization on any potential risks to the profitability or cosmea of the company. They identify and assess threats, put plans in place for if things go wrong and resolve how to avoid, reduce or transfer risks. Risk managers ar responsible for managing the risk to the organization, its employees, customers, reputation, assets and interests of stakeholders.They whitethorn work in a change of sectors and may specialize in a number of areas including enterprise risk, corporate governance, restrictive and operational risk, business continuity, information and certification risk, technology risk, and market and credit risk. They prepare and administer the companys post and casualty insurance program in compliance with state and federal laws and regulations. Develop and implement safety policies and loss taproom programs. Establish a climate that inspires movement through direct upervision and motivation of surgical incision managers. Lead efforts in goal-setting and long-range planning, and provide leadership and daily direction. Critical Factors for the company emergencys to succeed are as follows 1. Constant Availability of widgets that are be used in the operations and communication 2. Availability of documents needed to monitor the operations. 3. ripe Execution of the Job orders from a part to another department. 4. Efficient and Fast treat of Reports. EXISTING SYTEMThe cur rent Employee Management, Inventory and Purchasing schema are done manually. The Human Resource department, the inventory and the purchasing system are all done using Microsoft Excel for keeping and introduce records. aft(prenominal) the hiring process, the profiles of the employees from the resumes of them are encoded and stored at Microsoft Excel and updates it besides in that location, Once the files are needed by the IT department who are in-charged of the releasing and compendium of Gadgets to be used by the company employees, they will just send it through e-mail.As the process for the inventory of the gadgets goes, it is tracked by logging who borrowed and who will be nonresistant for the gadget In Microsoft Excel. The employee who needs the gadget needs to email the IT department for the need of the stop. Upon the request, it will be checked if there are available peak and and notice is sent to the requestor with regards to the item borrowing. The item is also mon itored if it is in good context and need to be replaced by a late one. All transactions must be logged in Microsoft Excel so it will be documented.Once there is a need to purchase a new item, the purchasing department must be notified. The purchasing process is also monitored using manual inputting data in Microsoft Excel. As the IT department notified the purchasing department that the need of item is situated, they will assess the parliamentary law of the item from a supplier. And once the item is delivered by the supplier, It will be documented in the Excel that the item is now purchased. Statement of the Project Scope This come out will cover the Employee Profiling formation, Inventory Tracking System and Purchasing System of Sagittarius Mines Inc. . Employee Profiling The Proposed system limits barely in the sustainment of employee profile and creating luxuriant and efficient employee profile report to all present and past employees whether regular, probationary, cont ractual, or contractors. 2. Inventory Tracking The Proposed System focuses on tracking the deployment of items(gadgets), the returning, the condition of item and creating fast and efficient inventory report of all items borrowed and returned by every employee of SMI. 3. Purchasing item delivery, purchasing order, maintain supplier list, item maintenanceThe Proposed System limits only with the delivery of the compass point from the purchasig departemt to the IT department, the purcharing order, maintenance of the suppliers and items. The areas covered by the project are department of IT department, HR department and Purchasing department concerning to profiling, item inventory and purchasing. II. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 2. 1 obtain enjoin View 2. 1. 1 Employee Requests fact Entity Employee Characteristics EmployeeID, F spend a penny, L cook, Emp address, massageLocationID, patchID, view, patienceDate, Team no. DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, Employment casefulNo.Entity secure rove exposit Characteristics PODNo, PPOCreationDate, POOrderDate, EmployeeID Entity Purchase concomitant Details Characteristics PIDNo, measuring, PODNO, supplier ID, COst, Remarks, Description, PO concomitantNo 2. 1. 2 supplier Delivers fact Entity supplier Characteristics supplierID, Company construct, send, ContactNo, EmailAddress Entity Purchase incident Details Characteristics PIDNo, Quantity, PODNo, Supplier ID, COst, Remarks, Description, PO stopNo Entity particular Characteristics straight No, Device characterNo, Received stageNo, monetary value, locating, ItemType, DateReceived, spoken languageDate, Delivery place . 2 Deliver Items View 2. 2. 1 Employee Delivers Item Entity Employee Characteristics EmployeeID, F earn, L anticipate, EmpAddress, WorkLocationID, positionID, Status, ResignationDate, TeamNo, DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, EmploymentTypeNo. Entity Purchase Item Details Characteristics PIDNo, Quantity, PODNO, Supplier ID, COst, Remarks, Description, POItemNo, Entity Item Characteristics Serial No, DeviceTypeNo, ReceivedItemNo, Cost, Status, ItemType, DateReceived, DeliveryDate, DeliveryStatus 3. 1 Items View 3. 1. 1 Employee Borrowed Item Entity EmployeeCharacteristics EmployeeID, FName, LName, EmpAddress, WorkLocationID, PositionID, Status, ResignationDate, TeamNo, DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, EmploymentTypeNo. Entity give way Item Characteristics RenderedItemNo, DateRendered, SerialNo, Employee ID Entity Item Characteristics Serial No, DeviceTypeNo, ReceivedItemNo, Cost, Status, ItemType, DateReceived, DeliveryDate, DeliveryStatus 3. 1. 2 Employee Returns Item Entity Employee Characteristics EmployeeID, FName, LName, EmpAddress, WorkLocationID, PositionID, Status, ResignationDate, TeamNo, DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, EmploymentTypeNo.Entity Return Item Characteristics ReturnItemNo, ReturnDate, Remarks, RenderedItemNo, SerialNo Entity Item Characteristics Serial No, DeviceT ypeNo, ReceivedItemNo, Cost, Status, ItemType, DateReceived, DeliveryDate, DeliveryStatus 3. 1. 3 Employee Lost Item Entity Employee Characteristics EmployeeID, FName, LName, EmpAddress, WorkLocationID, PositionID, Status, ResignationDate, TeamNo, DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, EmploymentTypeNo. Entity Lost Item Characteristics LostItemNo, DateLost, Remarks, EmployeeID, SerialNo Entity ItemCharacteristics Serial No, DeviceTypeNo, ReceivedItemNo, Cost, Status, ItemType, DateReceived, DeliveryDate, DeliveryStatus 3. 1. 4 Employee Donate Item Entity Employee Characteristics EmployeeID, FName, LName, EmpAddress, WorkLocationID, PositionID, Status, ResignationDate, TeamNo, DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, EmploymentTypeNo. Entity Donate Item Characteristics giftItemNo, DonationDate, Status, EmployeeID, SerialNo Entity Item Characteristics Serial No, DeviceTypeNo, ReceivedItemNo, Cost, Status, ItemType, DateReceived, DeliveryDate, DeliveryStatus 3. 1. 5 Employee hit the hay Item Entity EmployeeCharacteristics EmployeeID, FName, LName, EmpAddress, WorkLocationID, PositionID, Status, ResignationDate, TeamNo, DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, EmploymentTypeNo. Entity Retire Item Characteristics RetiredItemNo, RetiredDate, Status, EmployeeID, SerialNo Entity Item Characteristics Serial No, DeviceTypeNo, ReceivedItemNo, Cost, Status, ItemType, DateReceived, DeliveryDate, DeliveryStatus 3. 1. 6 Employee Request haunt Item Entity Employee Characteristics EmployeeID, FName, LName, EmpAddress, WorkLocationID, PositionID, Status, ResignationDate, TeamNo, DeprtmentNo, StartDate, EndDate, ContactNo, EmploymentTypeNo.Entity Repair Request Characteristics RepairRequestNo, RequestDate, RepairStatus, DoneDate, , Employee ID Entity Item Characteristics Serial No, DeviceTypeNo, ReceivedItemNo, Cost, Status, ItemType, DateReceived, DeliveryDate, DeliveryStatus III. system of logical Design 1. serviceable Dependencies Item submit 3NF SerialNo -gt Device Type No. , Received Item No. , Cost, Status, Item Type Device Type Table 3NF DeviceTypeNo -gt Type, Model , daub Communication operate Table 3NF AccountNo -gt Item_Serial No. , MIN, IMEI, PlanStartDate, PlanEndDate, Status, Remarks, PlanCost, Employee ID Inventory Table 2NF sellNo -gtDisposalDate, Status, Employee ID, SerialNo RetiredItemNo -gt RetiredDate, Status, Employee ID, SerialNo RendereditemNo -gtDateRendered, Employee ID, Serial No. Donation Item No -gt DonationDate, Status, Employee ID, SerialNo ReturnItemNo -gt ReturnDate, Remark, RendereditemNo, SerialNo LostItemNo -gt DateLost, Remarks, Employee ID, SerialNo 3NF Decomposition of Inventory Dispose Item 3NF dramatics Name DisposeNo PK DisposalDate Status Employee ID FK SerialNo FK DisposeNo -gtDisposalDate, Status, Employee ID, SerialNo Return Item 3NF field Name RetiredItemNo PK ReturnDate Status Employee ID FK SerialNo FK RetiredItemNo -gt RetiredDate, Status, Employee ID, SerialNo RenderedItem 3NF top ic Name RenderedItemNo PK DateRendered Status Employee ID FK SerialNo FK RendereditemNo -gtDateRendered, Employee ID, SerialNo DonationItem 3NF sector Name DonationItemNo PK DonationDate Status Employee ID FK SerialNo FK Donation Item No -gt DonationDate, Status, Employee ID, SerialNo ReturnItem 3NF sphere of influence Name ReturnItemNo PK ReturnDate Status RendereditemNo FK SerialNo FK ReturnItemNo -gt ReturnDate, Remark, RendereditemNo, SerialNoLostItem 3NF handle Name LostItemNo PK DateLost Remarks Employee ID FK SerialNo FK LostItemNo -gt DateLost, Remarks, Employee ID, SerialNo PurchaseTable 2NF PIDNo -gt Quantity, PODNo, Supplier ID, Cost, Remarks, Description, POItemNo PODNo -gt POCreationDate, POOrderDate, Employee_Employee ID ReceivedItemNo -gt DateReceived, Remarks, PIDNo DeliveryNo-gt DeliveryStatus, DeliveryDate, ReceivedItemNo, Datereceived 3NF Decomposition of Purchase Purchase Item Details 3NF handle Name PIDNo PK Quantity PODNo FK Supplier ID FK Cos t Remarks Description POItemNo PIDNo -gt Quantity, PODNo, Supplier ID, Cost, Remarks, Description, POItemNo Purchase Order Details 3NF Field Name PODNo PK POCreationDate POOrderDate Employee ID FK PODNo -gt POCreationDate, POOrderDate, Employee ID ReceivedItem 3NF Field Name ReceivedItemNo PK DateReceived Remarks PIDNo FK ReceivedItemNo -gt DateReceived, Remarks, PIDNo Delivery Item3NF Field Name DeliveryNo PK DeliveryStatus DeliveryDate ReceivedItemNo Datereceived DeliveryNo-gt DeliveryStatus, DeliveryDate, ReceivedItemNo, Datereceived Supplier Table 3NFSupplier ID -gt CompanyName, Address, ContactNo, EmailAddress Employee Table 2NF Employee ID -gt Fname, Lname, Mname, EmpAddress, Work Location, Position ID, Status, Resignation Date, TeamNo, plane sectionNo, Startdate, Enddate, EmploymentTypeNo TeamNo -gt TeamName, DepartmentNo, EmployeeID DepartmentNo gt DepartmentName PositionNo -gt PositionTitle, Level WorkLocationNo -gt WorkLocationName EmploymentTypeNo -gt Emplo ymentType 3NF Decomposition of Employee Employeesummary 3NF Field Name Employee ID PK Fname Lname Mname EmpAddress Work Location FK Position ID FK Status ResignationDate TeamNo FK DepartmentNo FK Startdate Enddate EmploymentTypeNo FK Employee ID -gt Fname, Lname, Mname, EmpAddress, Work Location, Position ID, Status, Resignation Date, TeamNo, DepartmentNo, Startdate, Enddate, EmploymentTypeNo Team 3NF Field Name TeamNo PK TeamName DepartmentNo FK EmployeeID FK TeamNo -gt TeamName, DepartmentNo, EmployeeID Department 3NF Field Name DepartmentNo PK DepartmentName DepartmentNo gt DepartmentName Position 3NF Field Name PositionNo PK PositionTitle Level PositionNo -gt PositionTitle, Level EmploymentType 3NFField Name EmploymentTypeNo PK EmploymentType EmploymentTypeNo -gt EmploymentType IV. Physical Design 1. Team Field Name entropy Type simple primordial Nullable TeamNo INT Yes No TeamName VARCHAR(50) No No DepartmentNo INT No No EmployeeID INT No No a. Indeces Index _01 on TeamNo for primitive find out Index_02 on TeamName b. denotative equity b. 1 Employee. TeamNo on take confine on update shower c. design logical system c. 1 2. Department Field Name entropy Type patriarchal get wind Nullable DepartmentNo INT Yes No DepartmentName VARCHAR(50) No No a. Indeces Index_01 on DepartmentNo for basal aboriginalIndex_02 on DepartmentName b. denotative righteousness b. 1 Employee. DepartmentNo on wipe out secure on update shower b. 2 Team. DepartmentNO on efface strangulate on UP naming fall c. Program system of logic c. 1 Inserting a New Item 3. Work Location Field Name entropy Type primal nominate Nullable WorkLocationNo INT Yes No WorkLocationName VARCHAR(50) No No a. Indeces Index_01 on WorkLocationNo for prime primaeval Index_02 on WorkLocationName b. Referential wholeness b. 1 Employee. WorkLocationNo on scrub border on modify cascade down c. Program Logic c. 1 4. Position Field Name selective information Type ol d Key NullablePositionNo INT Yes No PositionTitle VARCHAR(50) No No Level VARCHAR(50) No No a. Indeces Index_01 on PositionNo for uncomplicated Key Index_02 on PositionTitle Index_03 on Level b. Referential Integrity b. 1 Employee. PositionNo on set off fasten on modify descend c. Program Logic c. 1 5. Employment Type Field Name Data Type Primary Key Nullable EmploymentTypeNo INT Yes No EmploymentType VARCHAR(50) No No a. Indeces Index_01 on Employment TypeNo for Primary Key Index_02 on EmploymentType b. Referential Integrity b. 1 Employee. EmploymentType on score out oblige on UP go through cascade down c. Program Logic . 1 6. Employee Field Name Data Type Primary Key Nullable EmploymentID INT Yes No Fname VARCHAR(50) No No Lname VARCHAR(50) No No Mname VARCHAR(50) No No EmpAddress INT No No WorkLocationNo INT No No PositionID INT No No Status VARCHAR(20) No NO ResignationDate DATE No No TeamNo INT No No DepartmentNo INT No No StartDate DATE No No EndDate DATE No No Contac tNo INT No No EmplomentTypeNo INT No No a. Indeces Index_01 on EmploymentID for Primary Key Index_02 on Fname Index_03 on Lname Index_04 on Mname Index_05 on EmpAddress Index_06 on WorkLocationNoIndex_07 on PositionID Index_08 on Status Index_09 on ResignationDate Index_10 on TeamNo Index_11 on DepartmentNo Index_12 on StartDate Index_09 on EndDate Index_10 on ContactNo Index_11 on EmploymentTypeNo b. Referential Integrity b. 1 Team. EmployeeID on DELETE determine on update Cascade b. 2 PurchaseOrderDetail. EmployeeID on DELETE Restrict on modify Cascade b. 3 CommunicationServices. EmployeeID on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 4 RenderedItem. EmployeeID on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 5 DisposedItem. EmployeeID on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 6 RetiredItem. EmployeeID n DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 7 DonationItem. EmployeeID on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 8 LostItem. EmployeeID on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 9 RepairRequest. Employee ID on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade c. Program Logic c. 1 7. Purchase Order Details Field Name Data Type Primary Key Nullable PODNO INT Yes No POCreationDate DATE No No POOrderDate DATE No No EmployeeID INT No No a. Indeces Index_01 on PODNo for Primary Key Index_02 on POCreationDate Index_03 on POOrderDate b. Referential Integrity b. 1 PurchaseItemDetails. PODNo on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade . Program Logic c. 1 8. Supplier Field Name Data Type Primary Key Nullable SupplierID VARCHAR(20) Yes No CompanyName VARCHAR(50) No No Address VARCHAR(80) No No ContactNo INT No No EmailAddres VARCHAR(30) No No a. Indeces Index_01 on SupplierID for Primary Key Index_02 on CompanyName Index_03 on Address Index_04 on ContactNo Index_05 on EmailAddress b. Referential Integrity b. 1 PurchaseItemDetails. SupplierID on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade c. Program Logic c. 1 9. Item Field Name Data Type Primary Key Nullable SerialNo VARCHAR(45) Yes No DeviceTypeNo INT No NoReceivedItemNo INT No No Cost in two ways No No Status VARCHAR(45) No No ItemType VARCHAR(45) No No PIDNo INT No No a. Indeces Index_01 on SerialNo for Primary Key Index_02 on Cost Index_03 on Status b. Referential Integrity b. 1 CommunicationServices. SerialNo on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 2 RenderedItem. SerialNo on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 3 DisposedItem. SerialNo on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 4 RetiredItem. SerialNo on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 5 DonationItem. SerialNo on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade b. 6 RepairRequest. SerialNo on DELETE Restrict n UPDATE Cascade b. 7 LostItem. SerialNo on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade c. Program Logic c. 1 10. DeviceType Field Name Data Type Primary Key Nullable DeviceTypeNo INT Yes No Type VARCHAR(20) No No Model VARCHAR(20) No No Brand VARCHAR(20) No No a. Indeces Index_01 on DeviceTypeNO for Primary Key Index_02 on Type Index_03 on Model Index_04 on Brand b. Referential Integrity b. 1 Item. DeviceType No on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade c. Program Logic c. 1 11. Purchase Item Detail Field Name Data Type Primary Key Nullable PIDNo INT Yes No Quantity VARCHAR(45) No NoPODNo INT No No SupplierID VARCHAR(20) No No Cost DOUBLE No No Remarks VARCHAR(100) No Yes Description VARCHAR(100) No No POItemNo. INT No No DateReceived DATE No No DeliveryDate DATE No Yes DeliveryStatus VARCHAR(45) No No a. Indeces Index_01 on PIDNO for Primary Key Index_02 on Quantity Index_03 on Cost Index_04 on Remarks Index_05 on Description Index_06 on POItemNo Index_07 on DateReceived Index_08 on DeliveryDate Index_09 on DeliveryStatus b. Referential Integrity b. 1 Item. PIDNO on DELETE Restrict on UPDATE Cascade c. Program Logic c. 1 V. final Class Diagram

Communication Strategies Essay

applied science is some subject we exclusively use e very day. It could be your stall remember, laptop, t qualifiedt, or whatsoeverthing else you prefer. Sadly to say, we as well become low-level on these different types of engine room. If you soak up dealt with applied science full in your smelltime, you know that it will fail you at some point in time. It is always at the some inconvenient times as well. Having an trenchant communication strategy to use while your technology or net flirt isnt available is very important. Should something happen to your network, you should have troubleshooting steps or a communication strategy readily available. It is the responsibility of the system or air to make sure thither is a communication strategy available.According to our text, an fundamental law is a stable, formal social structure that takes resources them to come outputs (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). The technical definition focuses on three elements of an organization. Capitol and diligence argon primary production factors provided by the surround (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). Im non familiar with umteen organizations, so the organization that I am most familiar with is the military, the Air Force to be exact. workings in an office setting and also existence a technical administrator, I constantly dealt with communication issues.When I think of a digital firm, I think of a firm in which or so all of the organizations signifi thronet line of products relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled and mediated just equivalent the text states (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). The internet is also the primary thing that comes to my mind and I will be the first to admit that I use it for everything. I have become very dependent upon Google. I can think of millions of digital firms. Digital firms sense and do to their environments far more rapidly than traditional firms well-favored them more flexibility to survive in peev ed times (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). Digital firms place an emphasis on the digitization of concern processes and services through school technology and entropy systems.Technology adoption has been change magnitude as digital firms continually look to reach out bulkyer levels cost prudences, warring advantage, and operational surgical procedure optimization. The organization I drive to discuss is the get together Services Auto lively Association (USAA). It is a plenty 500 financial services company fling banking, investing, and insurance policy to people and families that serve, or served, in the unify States military. I became a member of this organization primaeval 2009 and I do not ever tally myself leaving this organization. I rate them five stars on their technology resources and systems. USAA uses technology in various areas at bottom the organization to provide such a dangerous Customer Relationship Management system. They provide to their customers online bank ing, mobile banking, the option to deposit checks from home, pay home or car insurance online, pay bills, submit insurance claims, and these are to just name a few.Whenever I call their 1-800 number, I rarely have to spill to a human un slight I absolutely urgency to because nigh everything is automated with them. Information systems or technology is very important in organizations today because more than 23 million managers and 113 million workers in the drudge force rely on education systems to administer business (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). That is a good deal of people. It is no wonder that Information Technology is such a growing career field with ex stallent salaries.Also, because of teaching systems, more people have the option to work from home. Information systems are essential for conducting day-to-day business in the United States and most other advance countries, as well as achieving strategic business objectives (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). Doctor offices, retail store s, travel agencies, and many personal services use technology every day. many an(prenominal) business firms invest heavily in selective information systems to achieve six-strategic business objectives products, services, and business models customer and supplier intimacy improved decision making competitive advantage and survival (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). Information systems are also the number one reason global merchandise is so successful today.For example, many people choose to do online shopping during the holidays because it is less of a hassle, less stressful, and you can choose your hold shopping hours. I have become a fan of online shopping as well because the gross sales are just as good as in-store sales. Internet service firms, such as Google, eBay, and Amazon, are able to replicate their business models and services in multiple countries without having to redesign their expensive fixed-cost information systems root word (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). My personal favorite with USAA is their mobile banking. It is vast having your banking information at the tip of your fingers. With so much signalize theft and fraud in the world today, it is great to be able to see your account information in detail. If you look around, almost everyone owns a cell phone and most of them are judicious phones. It is stovepipe to use these gadgets to their full capacity.I dont always have time to stop by the bank or call to speak to a representative to have them make a transaction for me. I even have the option to catalogue transactions so I will not have to remember to do it each day or month. It is more convenient to do it myself from my phone or computer versus doing it in person. I cannot revoke the last time I actually remunerative any bills in person or send a payment in. I dont think I will ever go back to that method if I can admirer it because I am all close saving time and making things simpler. As with everything, there are advantages and disadvantag es and technology is no different. Although I palpate that technology has made the population a bit lazier, we all have to admit it did make things in life a multitude easier. I can reelect being a technical administrator in the United States Air Force.Sadly to say, whenever we had power outages almost everything shut down. My fellow employees always thought that this cogitatet go home for the rest of the day. Many times it did mean that. I tried not to fall dupe to this because I am one of those people who feel like there is always work to be done. It was those times when I realized how heavily we depended on technology. I a great deal wonder how advance technology will be 10 or 15 years from now and will everyone be able to make up. I also worry about our senior citizens and I sympathize with them a great deal. My young nieces already know how to work computers, smart phones, you name it. Sometimes they teach me things about technology. art object it made things simpler for the younger generation, it made things a lot more complex for our senior citizens. I often see my grandmother struggling to keep up with any assistance she may get because to rectify or apply for it, she has to do it on the internet. Without any of my familys assistance, she would never be able to do this. Most of our senior citizens are used to buy stamps and sending their mail off to the post office. hopefully things dont get too groundbreaking for them. We must not leave them struggling to keep up. No matter what youre viewpoint is on technology, we have to face the fact that its not going anywhere.ReferencesHaltiwanger, J., Lynch, L., & Mackie, C. (2007). Understanding Business Dynamics An co-ordinated Data System for Americas Future. depicted object Academies Press, Washington, 000000DC Laudon, K.C., & Laudon, J. P. (2012). Management Information Systems Managing theDigital Firm. (12th ed) Upper excite River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall